An HIV-infected patient with coronavirus disease 2019 has a favourable prognosis: a case report

Chong Tian1, Lei Tang1, Jiahong Wu2

  • 1Department of Medical Imaging, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.

Insights

People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) may experience favorable outcomes when infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Regular ART appears crucial for managing COVID-19 in HIV patients.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents unique challenges for immunocompromised populations.
  • The impact of COVID-19 on individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is debated, with differing views on risk and prognosis.
  • Some research suggests HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) may offer protection against SARS-CoV-2, while others cite immunosuppression as an increased risk factor.

Observation:

  • A case study of a 24-year-old male with HIV, undergoing regular ART, who contracted COVID-19 is presented.
  • The patient experienced only mild, short-term fever and no other significant symptoms or complications during his COVID-19 illness.

Findings:

  • Despite living with HIV, the patient demonstrated a favorable prognosis following COVID-19 infection.
  • Lung lesions observed on chest CT scans resolved rapidly, and the patient was cured and discharged within 9 days of standard treatment.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the critical role of consistent antiretroviral therapy (ART) in managing HIV.
  • Regular ART adherence in individuals with HIV may mitigate the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and improve patient outcomes.