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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 12, 2025

Mapping Inhibitory Neuronal Circuits by Laser Scanning Photostimulation
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Open-window mapping of accessory pathways utilizing high-density mapping.

Amir A Schricker1, Roger Winkle1, Ryan Moskovitz2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Mills-Peninsula Medical Center, 1501 Trousdale Dr. 2nd Floor, Burlingame, CA, 94010, USA.

Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology : an International Journal of Arrhythmias and Pacing
|August 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Open-window mapping (OWM) offers a faster, automated approach to accessory pathway (AP) localization. This high-density mapping technique successfully identifies ablation sites, improving efficiency in treating atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia.

Keywords:
Accessory pathwayCatheter ablationHigh-density mappingOpen-window mappingWolff-Parkinson-White

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Area of Science:

  • Electrophysiology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Medical Technology

Background:

  • Conventional accessory pathway (AP) mapping is laborious, relying on point-by-point analysis of electrogram origins.
  • This method is time-consuming and may lead to incomplete mapping, potentially affecting ablation success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of automated, high-density mapping using open-window mapping (OWM) for accessory pathway localization.
  • To determine if OWM can efficiently identify the successful ablation site without analyzing electrogram origins.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 23 patients undergoing catheter ablation for atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia.
  • High-density mapping was performed using OWM, followed by catheter ablation.
  • Successful ablation was confirmed by the loss of pathway function.

Main Results:

  • OWM successfully identified the ablation site in 100% of cases, with an average mapping time of 7.3 minutes.
  • Permanent accessory pathway elimination was achieved with a mean radiofrequency energy time of 18.5 seconds per patient.
  • Transiently successful ablations were closer to successful sites with lower contact force, while unsuccessful sites were further away.

Conclusions:

  • Automated, high-density open-window mapping (OWM) is an effective technique for localizing accessory pathways.
  • OWM enables rapid and successful mapping and ablation of APs without differentiating signal origin.
  • Both proximity to the pathway and adequate contact force are crucial for successful pathway ablation.