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Genetic Screens

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Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
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Untargeted Screening in a Case Control Study Using Apples as a Matrix.

Erica L Bakota¹, Robert A Levine¹

¹Kansas City Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 11510 W. 80th Street, Lenexa, Kansas 66214, United States.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

|August 14, 2020

Summary

Bioinformatic software successfully reduced complex high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) data, distinguishing contaminants from native compounds in apples. This study offers a scalable method for food safety analysis.

Keywords:

Compound Discoverer apples bioinformatics high resolution mass spectrometry metabolomics total diet study untargeted screening

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Area of Science:

Food Safety
Analytical Chemistry
Bioinformatics

Background:

Untargeted screening using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) is vital for detecting food contaminants.
Large HRMS datasets pose significant analytical challenges for contaminant identification.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of bioinformatic software in distinguishing spiked model compounds from native apple components.
To develop and validate a data reduction workflow for HRMS food analysis.

Main Methods:

Utilized red apple samples from the U.S. FDA's Total Diet Study.
Applied a novel workflow to reduce HRMS data from over 44,000 features per sample.
Performed visual inspection for data quality and degeneracy assessment.

Main Results:

Successfully reduced complex HRMS data by several orders of magnitude.
Identified 30 and 2 suspect compounds in the two spiked apple samples after data processing.
Demonstrated the feasibility of using bioinformatic tools for contaminant screening in food matrices.

Conclusions:

Bioinformatic software can effectively differentiate contaminants from native compounds in complex food matrices.
This workflow represents a significant advancement in untargeted HRMS screening for food safety.
The study establishes a precedent for using market basket samples as references in large-scale food contaminant analysis.