Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

94.6K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
94.6K
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

4.9K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
4.9K
Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

7.6K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
7.6K
Stereotype Content Model02:16

Stereotype Content Model

15.2K
The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
15.2K
Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

686
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
686
First Impression01:09

First Impression

110
First impressions play a crucial role in social perception, shaping how individuals assess others in professional, academic, and interpersonal contexts. Psychological research highlights the significance of cognitive biases, such as the primacy and recency effects, which influence how people interpret and recall information.The Primacy Effect and Cognitive AnchoringThe primacy effect describes the tendency for initial information to impact judgment disproportionately. When individuals encounter...
110

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Preferences for Gender Stereotypicality in Artificial Intelligence: Existence, Comparison to Human Biases, and Implications for Choice.

Personality & social psychology bulletin·2026
Same author

Is contact among social class groups associated with legitimation of inequality? An examination across 28 countries.

The British journal of social psychology·2023
Same author

How Do Pandemic Policies and Communication Shape Intergroup Outcomes? Initial Findings From the COVID-19 Pandemic and Open Questions for Research and Policy.

Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science·2023
Same author

Changes in Americans' prejudices during the presidency of Donald Trump.

Nature human behaviour·2022
Same author

Were Americans' Political Attitudes Linked to Objective Threats From COVID-19? An Examination of Data From Project Implicit During Initial Months of the Pandemic.

Personality & social psychology bulletin·2021
Same author

Examining the Left-Right Divide Through the Lens of a Global Crisis: Ideological Differences and Their Implications for Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Political psychology·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 12, 2025

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
06:42

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Published on: September 28, 2018

12.0K

The confident conservative: Ideological differences in judgment and decision-making confidence.

Benjamin C Ruisch1, Chadly Stern1

  • 1Department of Psychology.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. General
|August 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Political conservatives show higher confidence in judgments and decisions compared to liberals. This difference stems from conservatives

More Related Videos

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
08:24

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

1.0K
Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task
12:10

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task

Published on: March 4, 2022

3.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 12, 2025

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
06:42

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Published on: September 28, 2018

12.0K
The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
08:24

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

1.0K
Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task
12:10

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task

Published on: March 4, 2022

3.0K

Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Political Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Ideological differences influence various aspects of social cognition.
  • Understanding the roots of these differences is crucial for social judgment research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate ideological disparities in judgment and decision-making confidence.
  • To explore the underlying cognitive mechanisms driving these confidence differences.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted 14 studies with a total of 4,575 participants.
  • Assessed confidence across diverse judgment tasks (memory recall, real-time decisions).
  • Examined cognitive styles related to closure and information processing.

Main Results:

  • Conservatives consistently reported higher confidence than liberals across tasks.
  • Confidence differences were robust across different measures and task difficulties.
  • Conservatives demonstrated a greater motivation for rapid closure and seizing initial responses.

Conclusions:

  • Ideological differences in cognitive styles, particularly closure-directed cognition, partially explain confidence disparities.
  • Conservatives' tendency towards quicker decisions and liberals' broader consideration of options contribute to confidence differences.
  • Findings highlight the significant role of political ideology in shaping social judgment and decision-making confidence.