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Peanut skin polyphenols inhibit toxicity induced by advanced glycation end-products in RAW264.7 macrophages

Annayara Celestina Ferreira Fernandes1, Natália Carolina Vieira2, Ádina Lima de Santana3

  • 1School of Food Engineering, Food and Nutrition Department, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.

Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
|August 14, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Peanut skin extract (PSE) rich in polyphenols combats advanced glycation-end product (AGE) toxicity in macrophages. PSE significantly reduces oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, offering a potential therapeutic strategy.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Advanced glycation-end products (AGEs) induce oxidative stress and inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages.
  • AGEs, formed via reactions like bovine serum albumin-fructose (BSA-FRU), bovine serum albumin-methylglyoxal (BSA-MGO), and arginine-methylglyoxal (ARG-MGO), elevate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) and nitric oxide.
  • This study investigates a novel approach to mitigate AGE-induced toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the protective effects of a peanut skin polyphenolic fraction against AGE-induced toxicity in RAW264.7 macrophages.
  • To identify and quantify polyphenols in peanut skin extract (PSE) using advanced analytical techniques.
  • To assess the impact of PSE on AGE-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.

Main Methods:

  • RAW264.7 macrophages were stimulated with BSA-FRU, BSA-MGO, and ARG-MGO models to induce AGE toxicity.
  • Peanut skin extract (PSE) was analyzed for polyphenol content using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MSE).
  • The effects of PSE administration on reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were measured.

Main Results:

  • Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MSE) identified 28 polyphenols in PSE, including catechin, phenolic acids, and resveratrol.
  • PSE administration (100 and 150 μg/mL) significantly inhibited AGE-induced oxidative stress.
  • PSE suppressed ROS production by up to 70% and reduced nitric oxide, IL-6, and TNF-α by up to 1.7-, 10-, and 107-fold, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Peanut skin extract (PSE) effectively attenuates advanced glycation-end product (AGE)-induced toxicity in macrophages.
  • The polyphenolic compounds in PSE play a crucial role in mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation.
  • PSE demonstrates potential as a therapeutic agent for conditions associated with AGE accumulation.
Keywords:
Advanced glycation end-productsInflammationMethylglyoxalPeanut skinPhenolic compoundsRAW264.7 macrophages

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