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The linear system theory's account of behavior maintained by variable-ratio schedules
1Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322.
Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
|January 1, 1988
Summary
Linear systems theory now models behavior on variable-ratio schedules, accurately predicting response rates and unique responding patterns. This extension offers a superior account compared to existing mathematical theories.
Area of Science:
- Behavioral Psychology
- Mathematical Modeling
- Operant Conditioning
Background:
- Linear systems theory successfully models behavior under variable-interval schedules.
- Existing theories struggle to fully explain variable-ratio schedule behavior.
Purpose of the Study:
- Extend linear systems theory to variable-ratio schedules.
- Develop equations predicting response rate based on schedule parameters and reinforcement.
- Account for unique behavioral phenomena observed in variable-ratio schedules.
Main Methods:
- Mathematical analysis extending linear systems theory.
- Formulation of equations for response rate as a function of mean ratio requirement and reinforcement rate.
- Comparison with existing empirical data and alternative theories.
Main Results:
- Developed two equations accurately describing variable-ratio schedule data.
- The theory explains strained responding and abrupt response cessation at boundary values.
- Successfully predicted behavior on single-alternative variable-ratio schedules using data from mixed schedules.
Conclusions:
- Linear systems theory provides a comprehensive account of both variable-interval and variable-ratio schedules.
- This unified theory outperforms six other mathematical models in explaining behavioral data.
- The model offers quantitative predictions for complex reinforcement schedules.