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Managing the Adult Patient with Congenital Heart Disease

Meagan King1, Kumar Belani2

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Minnesota, B515 Mayo, 420 Delaware Street Southeast, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Anesthesiology Clinics
|August 15, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This review covers common congenital heart disease (CHD) lesions and their perioperative risks for adults undergoing noncardiac surgery. It aims to guide anesthesiologists in managing these complex cardiac conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Cardiology
  • Adult Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

  • Adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) represent a growing population requiring noncardiac surgical procedures.
  • Managing perioperative risks in this population necessitates a specialized understanding of cardiac anatomy and physiology.
  • General and pediatric anesthesiologists may lack specific expertise in congenital cardiac anesthesia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a foundational overview of common congenital cardiac lesions.
  • To outline the long-term sequelae associated with these cardiac defects.
  • To highlight expected perioperative concerns for anesthesiologists during noncardiac surgery in adults with CHD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on congenital heart disease and anesthesia.
  • Synthesis of information on common cardiac lesions and their management.
  • Focus on perioperative considerations relevant to noncardiac surgery.

Main Results:

  • Detailed descriptions of prevalent congenital cardiac lesions.
  • Explanation of chronic cardiovascular complications stemming from CHD.
  • Identification of key anesthetic challenges and strategies for managing patients with CHD.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of specific CHD lesions is crucial for safe anesthetic practice.
  • Anesthesiologists require basic principles to effectively manage perioperative risks in adults with CHD.
  • This article serves as a guide to enhance the understanding and management of congenital cardiac anesthesia.

Keywords:
Adult congenital heart diseaseCHDCongenital heart diseaseNoncardiac surgerySingle ventricle

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