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Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Phase Changes01:19

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Phase transitions play an important theoretical and practical role in the study of heat flow. In melting or fusion, a solid turns into a liquid; the opposite process is freezing. In evaporation, a liquid turns into a gas; the opposite process is condensation.
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Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

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Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
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Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

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Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
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MOS Capacitor01:25

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A Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitor is a fundamental structure used extensively in semiconductor device technology, particularly in the fabrication of integrated circuits and MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors). The MOS capacitor consists of three layers: a metal gate, a dielectric oxide, and a semiconductor substrate.
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
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Quasicrystalline phase-change memory.

Eun-Sung Lee1, Joung E Yoo2, Du S Yoon2

  • 1Material Research Center, SAIT, Samsung Electronics, Suwon, 16678, Republic of Korea. e.lee@samsung.com.

Scientific Reports
|August 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel phase-change materials (PCMs) using quasicrystals. These new PCMs offer enhanced thermal stability and lower energy consumption for nonvolatile memory applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Phase-change memory (PCM) relies on amorphous-to-crystalline transitions for nonvolatile storage.
  • Current PCMs face a trade-off between low phase-change energy and thermal stability.
  • Destabilizing the amorphous phase reduces energy but also thermal stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overcome the stability-energy trade-off in phase-change materials.
  • To introduce a new class of PCMs utilizing quasicrystalline structures.
  • To enhance both phase-change energy and thermal stability simultaneously.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated quasicrystalline-to-approximant crystalline phase-change processes.
  • Explored reducing entropic loss in phase-change energy.
  • Utilized a novel atomic crystallography approach based on quasicrystals.

Main Results:

  • Developed new PCMs with simultaneously enhanced phase-change energy and thermal stability.
  • Demonstrated superior performance compared to GeTe/Sb2Te3 superlattice structures.
  • Showcased a reduction in entropic loss through a quasicrystalline state.

Conclusions:

  • Quasicrystalline phase-change materials represent a paradigm shift in PCM development.
  • This approach successfully mitigates the trade-off between energy consumption and thermal stability.
  • Paves the way for next-generation nonvolatile memory with significantly improved characteristics.