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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 12, 2025

A Structured Rehabilitation Protocol for Improved Multifunctional Prosthetic Control: A Case Study
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Directional Control Mechanisms in Multidirectional Step Initiating Tasks.

Yuki Inaba1, Takahito Suzuki2,3, Shinsuke Yoshioka4

  • 1Department of Sport Science, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Japan High Performance Sport Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|August 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) control step direction by modulating center of pressure (COP) and muscle activity. These adjustments scale with the body

Keywords:
anticipatory postural adjustment (APA)center of mass (COM)center of pressure (COP)electromyography (EMG)gait initiationmultidirectional steps

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) are crucial for voluntary movements like gait.
  • Previous research focused on forward APAs, leaving non-forward step directions under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate directional control mechanisms of APAs in various step initiation tasks.
  • To analyze APA variations across forward, diagonal, lateral, and posterior step directions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of center of pressure (COP) trajectories and muscle activity (soleus, tibialis anterior, gluteus medius) during APAs.
  • Experiment involved six healthy young males performing step initiation tasks in nine directions.

Main Results:

  • COP shifts during APAs varied nonlinearly with step direction.
  • Posterior COP shifts decreased with more lateral step directions.
  • COP displacements were linearly related to center of mass (COM) velocity components at foot-off.

Conclusions:

  • APA scaling, including COP and muscle activity, is primarily based on COM velocity components.
  • This mechanism effectively controls the direction of initiated steps across various directions.