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Obesity01:24

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Regulation of Food Intake01:30

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Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
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Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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During the initial hours of fasting, the body uses up its glycogen stores as an energy source. Once these glycogen reserves are depleted, the body begins breaking down stored triglycerides and structural proteins. During this stage, glycerol becomes a key substrate for gluconeogenesis, while free fatty acids undergo beta-oxidation to provide energy for tissues, such as skeletal muscle. In the fasting state, the body spares protein breakdown as much as possible to conserve muscle and structural...
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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Palatable Western-style Cafeteria Diet as a Reliable Method for Modeling Diet-induced Obesity in Rodents
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Food Insecurity Is Associated with Increased Risk of Obesity in US College Students.

Aseel El Zein1, Sarah E Colby2, Wenjun Zhou3

  • 1Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.

Current Developments in Nutrition
|August 15, 2020
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Summary

Food insecurity is linked to higher obesity rates and poor nutrition in college students, affecting both males and females. Interventions should address healthy eating alongside food access for students.

Keywords:
college studentsdietary intakefood insecuritymeal planobesitysex

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Nutrition Science
  • Emerging Adulthood Research

Background:

  • Food insecurity impacts millions of Americans, with college students being a particularly vulnerable population.
  • Limited research exists on the relationship between food insecurity, weight status, and dietary intake during emerging adulthood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex-specific associations between food insecurity, obesity, and dietary intake in college students.
  • To explore how meal plan enrollment influences these associations.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 683 second-year students from 8 U.S. universities.
  • Assessment of food security using the USDA Adult Food Security Survey.
  • Evaluation of dietary intake via the Dietary Screener Questionnaire and anthropometric measurements.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of food insecurity ranged from 19.0% to 34.1% (mean 25.4%).
  • Food insecurity showed a dose-response relationship with increased odds of obesity (OR 5.13 for insecure vs. secure).
  • Food-insecure students consumed fewer fruits/vegetables and more added sugars; obesity and added sugar intake were higher among those with meal plans.

Conclusions:

  • Food insecurity is significantly associated with obesity and poorer dietary patterns in both male and female college students.
  • While meal plan subsidies can help, they must be combined with education on healthy food choices.
  • Further research is needed to understand and address the complex interplay of food insecurity, nutrition, and health in this demographic.