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Energy transport in one-dimensional chains with three conservation laws is typically anomalous. This study explains how near-integrable systems can exhibit apparent normal heat diffusion through quasiparticle dynamics and distinct transport regimes.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Energy transport in one-dimensional systems with three conservation laws often exhibits anomalous behavior, belonging to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class.
  • Previous studies have reported instances of apparent normal heat diffusion over large length scales, posing a theoretical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a novel physical explanation for the observed apparent normal heat diffusion in certain one-dimensional systems.
  • To elucidate the conditions and mechanisms leading to deviations from generic anomalous energy transport.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a scaling analysis to describe energy transport near an integrable limit.
  • Numerical simulations of a gas of diatomic hard-point particles and a weakly perturbed Toda chain.

Main Results:

  • Identification of three distinct transport regimes: ballistic, intermediate diffusive, and anomalous (hydrodynamic), as system size increases.
  • Demonstration that quasiparticles with large mean free paths dominate heat transport in near-integrable systems.
  • Observation of a different transport scenario in the perturbed harmonic chain.

Conclusions:

  • The apparent normal heat diffusion can be explained by the system's proximity to an integrable limit, leading to specific quasiparticle behavior.
  • The findings reconcile previous experimental observations with theoretical predictions for one-dimensional energy transport.
  • The study highlights the rich phenomenology of heat transport in one-dimensional systems, dependent on integrability and system size.