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Specific toxicologic aspects of the quinolones
W Christ1, T Lehnert, B Ulbrich
1Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Institute for Drugs, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany.
Reviews of Infectious Diseases
|January 1, 1988
Summary
Quinolone antibiotics can affect juvenile joints, kidneys, the central nervous system (CNS), eyes, and cardiovascular system. While generally nonmutagenic, potential drug interactions and photosensitivity require careful consideration.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Quinolones are a class of antibiotics that target bacterial DNA gyrase.
- Potential toxicities in various organ systems have been reported with quinolone use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the potential toxicities of quinolones.
- To assess the mutagenicity and drug interaction potential of quinolones.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of quinolone toxicity studies.
- Analysis of mutagenicity test results.
- Evaluation of reported adverse drug reactions and interactions.
Main Results:
- Quinolones can cause arthropathies in juvenile animals and adult dogs.
- Renal effects are linked to crystalluria; CNS effects are varied and require further study.
- Ocular (cataracts) and cardiovascular (hypotension) effects observed in animal models.
- Quinolones appear nonmutagenic, but photosensitivity and drug interactions are clinically relevant.
Conclusions:
- Quinolones exhibit a range of potential toxicities affecting multiple organ systems.
- Careful monitoring for adverse effects and drug interactions is crucial during quinolone therapy.
- Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms of CNS toxicity.