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Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
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Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
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Particle adhesion to rough surfaces.

Siddharth Rajupet1, Mamadou Sow2, Daniel J Lacks1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.

Physical Review. E
|August 16, 2020
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Summary

Surface roughness significantly impacts particle adhesion van der Waals forces. A new theory accurately predicts adhesive forces on rough surfaces, including non-contacting asperities, aligning with experiments and simulations.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Particle adhesion to smooth surfaces is well-understood.
  • Real-world surfaces exhibit roughness, complicating adhesion characterization.
  • Existing models often neglect the influence of non-contacting surface features.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a theoretical framework for particle adhesion on rough surfaces.
  • To account for van der Waals forces within the Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov (DMT) adhesion regime.
  • To investigate the role of surface asperities, including those not in direct contact.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an analytic expression for adhesive force on a well-defined rough surface (embedded spheres).
  • Incorporated interactions from surface asperities not in direct contact.
  • Extended the theory to general rough surfaces and verified with numerical simulations.

Main Results:

  • The developed theory shows good agreement with experimental data in the DMT regime.
  • Interactions from non-contacting asperities can be the dominant factor in adhesive force.
  • The theory accurately predicts adhesion forces for both experimental and numerical cases.

Conclusions:

  • The new theory provides an accurate method for predicting particle adhesion on rough surfaces.
  • Understanding the contribution of non-contacting asperities is crucial for accurate adhesion modeling.
  • This work advances the characterization of particle-surface interactions in realistic conditions.