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Clogging-jamming connection in narrow vertical pipes.

Diego López1, Dariel Hernández-Delfin1, Raúl C Hidalgo1

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Granular materials flowing in narrow pipes can clog due to friction-induced hanging arches. Particle ordering can prevent clogging, and broader force distributions link pipe clogging to jamming phenomena.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics of granular materials
  • Fluid dynamics
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Granular materials flowing in confined geometries, like pipes, are prone to clogging.
  • Silo clogging is a known phenomenon attributed to the formation of stable arches.
  • Frictional forces are crucial for the stability of these granular structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the mechanisms of clogging in narrow vertical pipes for granular flow.
  • To explore the relationship between pipe-to-particle diameter ratio and clogging probability.
  • To determine the connection between granular clogging in pipes and jamming phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental observation of granular flow and clogging in narrow vertical pipes using spherical particles.
  • Analysis of particle ordering and arch formation.
  • Numerical simulations to study interparticle force distributions.

Main Results:

  • Experimental evidence of clogging caused by spontaneous hanging arches, similar to silo clogging.
  • Clogging probability in narrow tubes does not monotonically decrease with increasing pipe-to-particle diameter ratio.
  • Particle ordering in specific aspect ratios can prevent clogging.
  • Numerical simulations show broader interparticle normal force distributions in systems with higher clogging probability.

Conclusions:

  • Frictional forces are essential for the development of stable hanging arches that cause pipe clogging.
  • The non-monotonic dependence of clogging on the diameter ratio is linked to spontaneous particle ordering.
  • Broader interparticle force distributions suggest a fundamental connection between granular clogging in pipes and jamming.