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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 12, 2025

Electroencephalographic, Heart Rate, and Galvanic Skin Response Assessment for an Advertising Perception Study: Application to Antismoking Public Service Announcements
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Comparison of referral methods into a smoking cessation program.

James M Davis1,2, Leah C Thomas1, Jillian Eh Dirkes1

  • 1Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA.

Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research
|August 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Population Outreach significantly increased Duke Smoking Cessation Program (DSCP) utilization compared to Traditional Referral and Best Practice Advisory (BPA). This direct patient contact method shows promise for enhancing smoking cessation program engagement.

Keywords:
nicotinepatient referralreferral methodssmoking cessation

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Smoking cessation programs are vital for public health.
  • Effective referral methods are crucial for program utilization.
  • Comparing different referral strategies can optimize patient engagement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of three referral methods for the Duke Smoking Cessation Program (DSCP).
  • To identify the referral strategy yielding the highest program utilization rates.
  • To inform best practices for patient recruitment into smoking cessation services.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study comparing Traditional Referral, Best Practice Advisory (BPA), and Population Outreach.
  • 12-month assessment of Traditional Referral and BPA within the Duke health system.
  • 30-day pilot assessment of Population Outreach using direct patient contact via EHR-generated lists.

Main Results:

  • Traditional Referral (3.8%) showed higher utilization than BPA (0.6%) over 12 months (p < 0.005).
  • Population Outreach achieved a 6.3% utilization rate in 30 days, significantly exceeding both Traditional Referral and BPA (p < 0.005).
  • A total of 13,586 smokers were assessed during the study period.

Conclusions:

  • Population Outreach is a highly effective method for increasing DSCP utilization.
  • Direct patient outreach strategies can significantly improve engagement with smoking cessation programs.
  • Findings suggest a shift towards proactive outreach for enhanced public health interventions.