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Helicobacter pylori infection as a potential risk factor for multiple sclerosis
Jannis Kountouras1, Apostolis Papaefthymiou2, Emmanuel Gavalas1
1Department of Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Macedonia, Greece.
Medical Hypotheses
|August 16, 2020
Summary
Active Helicobacter pylori infection (Hp-I) may contribute to multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. This study found a higher prevalence of active Hp-I in MS patients, suggesting a potential link beyond past infections.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
- Neurology
Background:
- Helicobacter pylori infection (Hp-I) is linked to various conditions, but its association with multiple sclerosis (MS) is debated.
- Previous studies used serology, unable to differentiate active from past Hp-I, leading to conflicting results.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the hypothesis that active Hp-I-induced immune responses contribute to MS pathogenesis.
- To assess the prevalence of active Hp-I in Greek MS patient cohorts.
Main Methods:
- Active Hp-I diagnosed using gastric mucosa histology in two small Greek MS cohorts.
- Comparison of active Hp-I prevalence between MS patients and controls.
- Endoscopic and histological examination for duodenal ulcers and gastritis.
Main Results:
- A significantly higher prevalence of active Hp-I was observed in MS patients (86.4%) compared to controls (50%).
- MS patients exclusively presented duodenal ulcers and autoimmune diseases.
- Histological findings revealed chronic active gastritis in the MS group.
Conclusions:
- Active Hp-I, unlike previously suggested, may contribute to MS development and pathogenesis.
- Proposed Hp-related mechanisms warrant further investigation in MS pathophysiology.
Keywords:
Clinically isolated syndromeExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisHeat shock protein 60Helicobacter pyloriMultiple sclerosisMore Related Videos
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