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Pharmacological management of COVID-19 patients with ARDS (CARDS): A narrative review

Maria Gabriella Matera1, Paola Rogliani2, Luigino Calzetta3

  • 1Unit of Pharmacology, Dept. Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.

Respiratory Medicine
|August 16, 2020
PubMed

Insights

No definitive treatments exist for COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS). Current research shows no drug effectively reduces mortality, highlighting the need for personalized treatment strategies for CARDS management.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious respiratory illness.
  • COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS) face risks of multiorgan failure without specific management.
  • Current therapeutic options for CARDS lack definitive efficacy in reducing mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging evidence on potential treatments for CARDS.
  • To assess the effectiveness of pharmacologic therapies studied in clinical trials for CARDS.
  • To identify challenges in matching patients with appropriate treatments for COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Selective literature search across major databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar).
  • Inclusion of data from ClinicalTrials.gov.
  • Narrative review methodology to examine evidence on CARDS treatment.

Main Results:

  • Numerous pharmacologic therapies have been investigated for CARDS, but none have demonstrated significant efficacy in large-scale trials.
  • There is considerable uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of studied treatments for improving clinical outcomes in CARDS.
  • No specific agent is currently recommended for CARDS treatment due to lack of validated efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Effective, validated treatments for CARDS are still lacking.
  • Personalized medicine approaches are crucial for managing CARDS patients.
  • The primary challenge lies in identifying the right treatment for the right patient with COVID-19.

Keywords:
ARDSCARDSCOVID-19Pharmacological therapy

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