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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
123
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
257
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

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IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
228
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

185
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
185
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

219
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
219
Mitral Stenosis IV: Nursing Management01:27

Mitral Stenosis IV: Nursing Management

187
A comprehensive nursing assessment is essential for patients with valvular heart disease, which involves any dysfunction of the heart valves that could impact blood flow and overall heart function.Subjective Data Collection:Chief Complaint and Present Illness: Start with the patient's primary concerns, focusing on the onset, duration, and progression of cardiac symptoms such as dyspnea, fatigue, chest pain, and palpitations.Past Medical History: Collect detailed information on any previous...
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Identifying Coronary Artery Calcification on Non-gated Computed Tomography Scans
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Mitral annular calcification in the elderly - Quantitative assessment.

M Eberhard1, A L N Schönenberger1, R Hinzpeter1

  • 1Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.

Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography
|August 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative mitral annular calcification (MAC) scoring is more reliable than subjective assessment in elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis. Women exhibit higher MAC scores, and quantitative MAC accurately diagnoses mitral stenosis.

Keywords:
80 and overAgedCalcificationComputed tomographyMitral valveMitral valve stenosis

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Radiology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Severe aortic stenosis often coexists with mitral annular calcification (MAC).
  • Accurate MAC quantification is crucial for assessing cardiovascular risk in elderly patients.
  • Current subjective MAC assessment methods have limitations in reliability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the reliability of subjective and objective MAC quantification in elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis.
  • To establish sex- and age-related reference values for quantitative MAC.
  • To correlate quantitative MAC with mitral valve disease.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 559 elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing CT.
  • Subjective MAC categorization by four readers; quantitative MAC assessment using Agatston score (AgatstonMAC) by two readers.
  • Correlation of AgatstonMAC with mitral valve disease diagnosed by echocardiography.

Main Results:

  • Quantitative AgatstonMAC demonstrated excellent inter- and intra-reader agreement (ICC=0.998 and 0.999).
  • Women had significantly higher AgatstonMAC scores than men, especially in those aged ≥85 years.
  • AgatstonMAC showed high accuracy (AUC=0.84) for diagnosing mitral stenosis but not mitral regurgitation.

Conclusions:

  • Quantitative MAC scoring via AgatstonMAC is a reliable method in elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis.
  • Higher AgatstonMAC scores in women suggest a sex-specific difference in MAC prevalence and severity.
  • Quantitative MAC assessment aids in diagnosing mitral stenosis.