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GPR56: An adhesion GPCR involved in brain development, neurological disorders and cancer

Raksha A Ganesh1, Krishnan Venkataraman2, Ravi Sirdeshmukh3

  • 1Mazumdar Shaw Center for Translational Research, Narayana Health, Bangalore 560099, India; Center for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632104, India.

Brain Research
|August 18, 2020
PubMed

Insights

GPR56 (also known as ADGRG1) is crucial for brain development, including cortical formation and myelination. Understanding its roles may reveal new insights into neurological disorders and brain tumors like glioblastoma.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • GPR56/ADGRG1 is an adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (aGPCR) vital for normal brain development.
  • It influences critical neurobiological processes such as cortical formation, oligodendrocyte development, and myelination.
  • GPR56 mutations are linked to brain malformations, myelination defects, and cancers, including brain tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent knowledge on GPR56/ADGRG1.
  • To provide insights into the receptor's known and potential roles in the human brain.
  • To explore GPR56's involvement in neurological disorders and glioblastoma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on GPR56/ADGRG1.
  • Analysis of molecular interactions and biological functions.
  • Focus on implications in neurological health and disease.

Main Results:

  • GPR56 is essential for various neurodevelopmental processes.
  • Dysregulation of GPR56 is associated with severe neurological conditions and brain cancers.
  • Recent research highlights its emerging importance beyond an "orphaned" receptor.

Conclusions:

  • GPR56/ADGRG1 plays a significant role in brain development and function.
  • Further research into GPR56 is crucial for understanding and potentially treating neurological disorders and brain tumors.
  • GPR56 represents a promising target for therapeutic interventions in neuro-oncology and neurology.

Keywords:
Bilateral bifrontoparietal polymicrogyriaCell signalingGPR56/ADGRG1GlioblastomaTissue transglutaminaseadhesion GPCRcollagen III

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