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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats
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Chlorpyrifos inhibits sperm maturation and induces a decrease in mouse male fertility.

Xuelian Zhang1, Wenbo Cui1, Ke Wang1

  • 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.

Environmental Research
|August 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) exposure in male mice significantly reduces sperm motility and fertility by impairing mitochondrial function and increasing oxidative stress. This pesticide impacts male reproductive health by affecting sperm quality during maturation.

Keywords:
ChlorpyrifosIntragastric administrationMale reproductionOxidative stressSperm motility

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Organophosphorus pesticides like chlorpyrifos (CPF) are widely used in agriculture.
  • Pesticide residues are implicated as a cause of male reproductive damage in mammals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate reproductive damage in male mice caused by CPF exposure.
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms of CPF-induced reproductive toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to CPF via intraperitoneal injection, gavage, and diet for varying durations.
  • Sperm were analyzed in vitro for motility, density, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, glutathione reductase activity, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP).

Main Results:

  • CPF exposure altered testicular gene expression without causing morphological abnormalities or infertility in all cases.
  • Gavage administration of CPF decreased male mouse fertility, sperm motility, and density.
  • CPF increased ROS levels and decreased glutathione reductase activity and MMP in sperm, indicating oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • CPF exposure reduces male mouse fecundity by decreasing sperm motility.
  • Disruption of mitochondrial function and increased oxidative stress during sperm maturation are key mechanisms.
  • CPF negatively impacts male reproductive health through these pathways.