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Phenotypically distinguishing ESBL-producing pathogens using paper-based surface enhanced Raman sensors.

Shannon H Hilton1, Connor Hall1, Hieu T Nguyen1

  • 1Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.

Analytica Chimica Acta
|August 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a rapid, low-cost method using paper-based sensors and portable spectroscopy to detect antimicrobial resistance in bacterial infections. It enables faster, precise antibiotic selection by identifying specific enzyme activity, improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Extended spectrum β-lactamaseMulti-drug resistancePaperSurface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Microbiology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Antimicrobial stewardship is crucial for combating bacterial infections and preserving treatment options.
  • Current methods for determining antimicrobial susceptibility are time-consuming, relying on multiple culture rounds and expensive equipment.
  • The rise of multi-drug resistance necessitates faster and more accessible diagnostic tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a rapid, low-cost phenotypic method for discriminating multi-drug resistance in bacterial infections.
  • To utilize paper-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensors and portable instrumentation for bacterial susceptibility testing.
  • To enable faster and more precise selection of effective antimicrobial agents.

Main Methods:

  • Development of paper-based SERS sensors incorporating barcoded beta-lactam molecular reporters.
  • Detection of beta-lactamase enzyme activity through the hydrolysis of beta-lactams, releasing SERS barcodes.
  • Utilizing portable instrumentation for SERS detection of released barcodes to identify resistance mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Successful differentiation of E. coli strains with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), narrow-spectrum beta-lactamase, and no resistance in a single measurement.
  • Demonstrated the ability to identify resistance to various generations of beta-lactam antibiotics.
  • Validated an approach for expanding the reporter library through chemical synthesis of new barcoded beta-lactams.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SERS-based method provides a rapid, cost-effective phenotypic approach for antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
  • This technology aligns with clinical microbiology standards by detecting enzymatic activity, enabling precise antibiotic selection.
  • The use of portable instrumentation and simple assay steps offers a promising alternative to conventional methods for combating antimicrobial resistance.