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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in the Fabrication of Synthetic Vocal Fold Models for Phonetic and Robotic Applications
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Real-time light-guided vocal fold injection as a simulation-based training tool.

Jia Kim1, Hyo-Seok Seo1, Han-Seul Na1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.

Auris, Nasus, Larynx
|August 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a simulation-based training program for cricothyroid (CT) vocal fold injection (VFI) using real-time light-guided VFI (RL-VFI). The training improved resident comfort and efficiency, suggesting its value for practicing CT-VFI before patient procedures.

Keywords:
EducationReal-time light guided vocal fold injectionSimulation-based trainingTraining toolTranscervical laryngeal injection

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Medical Simulation
  • Surgical Training

Background:

  • The cricothyroid (CT) approach for vocal fold injection (VFI) offers benefits like low complication rates and suitability for office practice.
  • However, the CT-VFI technique has a steep learning curve due to needle invisibility, requiring significant expertise.
  • Real-time light-guided VFI (RL-VFI) has emerged as a method for precise laryngeal injections under direct light visualization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a simulation-based training (SBT) program for the CT approach using RL-VFI.
  • To assess the preliminary application of this SBT program with in-training otolaryngologists.
  • To compare the effectiveness of RL-VFI training with conventional VFI training.

Main Methods:

  • A workshop was conducted with mini-lectures and hands-on sessions for conventional VFI and RL-VFI using excised canine larynges.
  • Trainee comfort was assessed using a visual analogue scale, and time to reach the target point was measured.
  • Post-workshop questionnaires evaluated participants' future preference for each VFI method.

Main Results:

  • Eleven otolaryngology residents participated, showing significant improvements in comfort levels after RL-VFI training (7.5 ± 1.6) compared to pre-workshop (1.7 ± 1.6) and conventional VFI (4.8 ± 1.7) (P < .001).
  • The mean time to reach the target point was significantly reduced with RL-VFI (42.7 ± 40.5 s) compared to conventional VFI (146.4 ± 90.1 s) (P = .004).
  • Participants showed a strong preference for RL-VFI (8.7 ± 1.3) over conventional VFI (4.2 ± 1.3) (P = .004).

Conclusions:

  • Simulation-based training using RL-VFI may enhance trainee comfort and proficiency for the CT approach to VFI.
  • This training method offers a valuable practice opportunity for residents before performing VFI on actual patients.
  • RL-VFI simulation provides a safe and effective platform for mastering the CT-VFI technique.