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Two to Tango: Dialogue between Adaptive and Innate Immunity in Type 1 Diabetes
Lin Sun1, Shugang Xi1, Guangyu He1
1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin, China.
Abstract:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a long-term and chronic autoimmune disorder, in which the immune system attacks the pancreatic β-cells. Both adaptive and innate immune systems are involved in T1DM development. Both B-cells and T-cells, including CD4 and CD8 T-cells, as well as other T-cell subsets, could affect onset of autoimmunity. Furthermore, cells involved in innate immunity, including the macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, could also accelerate or decelerate T1DM development. In this review, the crosstalk and function of immune cells in the pathogenesis of T1DM, as well as the corresponding therapeutic interventions, are discussed.
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