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Stimulation of Stem Cell Niches and Tissue Regeneration in Mouse Skin by Switchable Protoporphyrin IX-Dependent Photogeneration of Reactive Oxygen Species In Situ

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Reduction Triggered In Situ Polymerization in Living Mice.

Lina Cui^1,2,3,4, Sandro Vivona^5,6,7, Bryan Ronain Smith³

¹Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|August 18, 2020

Summary

Researchers developed activatable small molecules that polymerize in vivo in response to reducing environments. This creates pseudopolysaccharides for potential biomedical applications like molecular imaging.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Polymer Chemistry
Molecular Imaging

Background:

Smart biomaterials respond to physiological stimuli, enabling applications in tissue engineering, therapeutics, and molecular imaging.
In vivo polymerization offers a novel approach for creating functional biomaterials within a biological system.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize small molecules capable of in situ polymerization in response to in vivo reducing environments.
To investigate the potential of these polymers for dual-modality optical imaging.

Main Methods:

Design of a small molecule scaffold utilizing a carbohydrate linker and cyanobenzothiazole-cysteine condensation reaction.
In situ polymerization triggered by changes in the reducing environment.
Evaluation of fluorescent and photoacoustic properties using dual-modality optical imaging.

Main Results:

Successful in situ polymerization of the designed small molecule scaffold in response to a reducing environment.
Demonstration of the probe's fluorescent and photoacoustic properties before and after polymerization.
Confirmation of in situ polymerization following both local and systemic administration in living mice.

Conclusions:

The developed small molecule scaffold enables in situ polymerization, forming pseudopolysaccharides under specific physiological conditions.
This technology holds promise for advanced molecular imaging and other biomedical applications requiring responsive materials.