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Fructose Malabsorption in Chilean Children Undergoing Fructose Breath Test at a Tertiary Hospital

Francisco Alliende1, Yalda Lucero, Francisca Jaime

  • 1Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Pediatrics Department, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Faculty of Medicine Clínica Alemana - Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
|August 18, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Fructose malabsorption (FM) is common in children with bowel issues, affecting 67% of symptomatic patients. Younger children, especially those under six, and those without nausea are more likely to have FM.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Dietary Carbohydrate Metabolism
  • Gastrointestinal Disorders

Background:

  • Fructose is a prevalent carbohydrate in Western diets.
  • Fructose malabsorption (FM) can cause gastrointestinal distress in both children and adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of FM in pediatric patients presenting with symptoms.
  • To investigate the association between specific symptoms and a positive FM diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of fructose breath tests in patients aged 18 or younger.
  • Data collected from a single tertiary center between 2013 and 2018.
  • Multivariate analysis to identify factors associated with FM positivity.

Main Results:

  • A high prevalence of FM was observed, with 67% of 273 tested patients showing positive results.
  • Bloating (83%) and abdominal pain (73%) were the most common pre-test symptoms.
  • Younger age (median 5 vs. 8 years) and the absence of nausea were significantly associated with FM.

Conclusions:

  • Fructose malabsorption is frequent in symptomatic children.
  • Younger children (<6 years) and those without nausea are at higher risk for FM.
  • These findings aid in diagnosing and managing pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders.

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