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Investigating cerebellar neural function in schizophrenia using delay eyeblink conditioning: A pilot fMRI study.

Jerillyn S Kent1, Dae-Jin Kim2, Sharlene D Newman3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2450 Riverside Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.

Psychiatry Research. Neuroimaging
|August 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with schizophrenia show impaired delay eyeblink conditioning, suggesting cerebellar dysfunction. This pilot study found reduced cerebellar activity during the task, linked to negative symptoms, supporting cognitive dysmetria theory.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Growing evidence links cerebellar abnormalities to schizophrenia.
  • Previous studies show cerebellar dysfunction in schizophrenia via neuroimaging.
  • Few studies investigate cerebellar neural function during direct task recruitment in schizophrenia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine cerebellar neural activity during delay eyeblink conditioning in schizophrenia patients.
  • To investigate the relationship between cerebellar activation and symptom severity.

Main Methods:

  • Pilot study using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
  • Participants included individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and non-psychiatric controls.
  • Delay eyeblink conditioning task administered during fMRI.

Main Results:

  • Patients with schizophrenia exhibited impaired eyeblink conditioning.
  • Control participants showed significant cerebellar activation during early conditioning; patients did not.
  • Region of interest analysis in patients revealed cerebellar clusters inversely associated with negative symptom severity.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support the cognitive dysmetria theory in schizophrenia.
  • Cerebellar abnormalities may contribute to motor, cognitive, and affective deficits in schizophrenia.
  • This study highlights the importance of examining cerebellar function during specific task engagement.