Extramedullary Myeloid Sarcoma with Symptoms of Acute Pancreatitis Mimicking Pancreatic Carcinoma

Extramedullary myeloid sarcomas are extramedullary tumors of immature myeloid cells, often associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), or other myeloproliferative diseases. They are usually found in connective/soft tissues, skin, breast and gastrointestinal system. Pancreas is an uncommon site to be involved. We present a case of pancreatic myeloid sarcoma presenting with symptoms of acute pancreatitis including epigastric pain associated with nausea and vomiting, with imaging findings (abdominal CT) suggestive of pancreatic carcinoma, both presenting as hypoattenuating mass. It is important to consider myeloid sarcoma as a differential for pancreatic mass, especially given the history of AML as in our patient, which would lead to timely diagnosis and initiation of chemotherapy.