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Updated: Dec 11, 2025

U2O5 Film Preparation via UO2 Deposition by Direct Current Sputtering and Successive Oxidation and Reduction with Atomic Oxygen and Atomic Hydrogen
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An Atomic-Scale Understanding of UO2 Surface Evolution during Anoxic Dissolution.

Aleksej J Popel1, Steven R Spurgeon2, Bethany Matthews2

  • 1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|August 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Advanced microscopy reveals uranium dioxide (UO2) nuclear fuel dissolution occurs at specific surface sites, forming pits. This study details atomic-scale changes and oxygen passivation during anoxic dissolution.

Keywords:
TEMUO2anoxic dissolutionpassivationsecondary phasessurface oxidation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nuclear Engineering
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Current understanding of nuclear fuel surface dissolution is limited by nonlocal characterization methods.
  • Uranium dioxide (UO2) is a key nuclear fuel, and its dissolution behavior is critical for nuclear waste management and reactor safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the atomic-scale mechanisms of UO2 surface dissolution under anoxic conditions.
  • To characterize structural changes and surface passivation during UO2 dissolution using advanced microscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized state-of-the-art scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) on a UO2 thin film.
  • Employed STEM imaging modes, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDS), and electron energy loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS).
  • Subjected the UO2 film to anoxic dissolution in deionized water.

Main Results:

  • Observed preferential dissolution at surface reactive sites, leading to the formation and growth of surface pits.
  • No amorphization of the UO2 surface was detected during the dissolution process.
  • Identified structural defects and oxygen passivation, characterized by filling of interstitial sites and lattice contraction.

Conclusions:

  • Dissolution of UO2 occurs via pit formation at specific reactive sites, not through general surface amorphization.
  • Oxygen passivation plays a role in UO2 surface alteration, involving interstitial site filling and lattice changes.
  • Complex pathways exist for both solution infiltration and dissolution at UO2 surfaces.