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Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Superconductor

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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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When an electric field passes from one homogeneous medium to another, crossing the boundary between the two mediums imparts a discontinuity in the electric field. This results in electrostatic boundary conditions that depend on the type of mediums the field propagates through.
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Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

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An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
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Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

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The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
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Strain-Controlled Superconductivity in Few-Layer NbSe2.

Cliff Chen1, Protik Das2, Ece Aytan2

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|August 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Strain-induced superconductor-insulator transitions in few-layer niobium diselenide (NbSe2) enable tunable quantum devices. This research paves the way for scalable superconductor-based quantum electronics utilizing NbSe2 heterojunctions.

Keywords:
heterostructure materialstrain effect at interfacesuperconducting devicestunable superconductortwo-dimensional material

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Electronics

Background:

  • Low-dimensional materials offer tunable superconductivity for quantum devices.
  • Niobium diselenide (NbSe2) exhibits strong spin-orbit coupling, crucial for topological superconductivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate superconductor-insulator transitions in few-layer NbSe2.
  • To investigate the role of strain in these transitions.
  • To enable scalable tunneling devices for quantum electronics.

Main Methods:

  • Epitaxial growth of few-layer NbSe2 on insulating substrates.
  • Electrical transport measurements.
  • Raman spectroscopy.
  • Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
  • X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Main Results:

  • Wafer-scale uniformity of epitaxially grown few-layer NbSe2 achieved.
  • Superconductor-insulator transitions were successfully demonstrated and characterized.
  • Strain was identified as the key driver for the transition.
  • Strain-induced energy shifts in Raman modes were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Strain engineering provides a method to control superconductivity in NbSe2.
  • This work enables the integration of high-quality tunnel barriers within NbSe2.
  • Facilitates the development of scalable Josephson junctions and other quantum devices.