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This study introduces an intelligent nanoparticle (Cy-CBT-NP) for real-time evaluation of photothermal therapy (PTT) efficiency in tumors. The nanoparticle

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Current tumor therapy and evaluation methods are separate and lack real-time feedback.
  • Existing imaging techniques cannot assess tumor-therapeutic effects dynamically.
  • There is a critical need for theranostic strategies enabling real-time therapeutic efficiency assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an intelligent nanoparticle for simultaneous photothermal therapy (PTT) and real-time therapeutic effect evaluation.
  • To design a near-infrared fluorescent probe (Cy-CBT-NP) responsive to PTT and tumor microenvironment.
  • To enable fluorescence "Turn-On" for monitoring PTT efficacy in vitro and in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Rational design of a small molecular near-infrared probe (Cy-CBT) incorporating a photothermal agent and caspase-3 substrate.
  • Facile preparation of intelligent nanoparticles (Cy-CBT-NP) via a CBT-Cys click condensation reaction.
  • Utilizing fluorescence "Turn-On" mechanism triggered by caspase-3 cleavage for real-time monitoring of PTT-induced cell death.

Main Results:

  • Developed Cy-CBT-NP with quenched fluorescence that becomes "On" upon caspase-3 (Casp3) cleavage.
  • Demonstrated Cy-CBT-NP's ability to evaluate PTT efficiency in real time at cellular and tumor levels.
  • Confirmed photothermal responsiveness and disassembly of the nanoparticle in response to the tumor microenvironment.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Cy-CBT-NP serves as a theranostic agent for PTT and real-time therapeutic evaluation.
  • This smart nanoparticle strategy shows promise for improving solid tumor treatment monitoring.
  • The "Turn-On" fluorescence mechanism provides a novel approach for assessing treatment efficacy dynamically.