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Falling as a strategy to decrease knee loading during landings: Implications for ACL injury prevention.

Ling Li¹, Marten Baur¹, Kevin Baldwin¹

¹Division of Kinesiology and Health, University of Wyoming, Laramie, USA.

Journal of Biomechanics

|August 19, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Falling after landing can significantly reduce knee loading, especially during single-leg landings. This strategy minimizes impact forces and knee moments, potentially preventing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in sports.

Keywords:

Biomechanics Forces Impact Injury risk Jump-landing

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Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Sports Medicine
Injury Prevention

Background:

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common, often occurring during single-leg landings in sports.
Landing mechanics, including impact forces and knee loading, are critical factors in ACL injury risk.
Falling has been suggested as a method to mitigate knee stress during landings.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare impact forces, knee angles, and knee moments across natural, soft, and falling landings.
To evaluate these landing strategies under both single-leg and double-leg conditions following forward and vertical jumps.

Main Methods:

Kinematics and ground reaction forces were collected from 32 participants (16 male, 16 female).
Participants performed forward and vertical jumps, landing naturally, softly, or softly followed by a controlled fall.
Measurements were taken during single-leg and double-leg landing conditions.

Main Results:

The falling condition exhibited the greatest knee flexion and the lowest peak vertical ground reaction forces.
Falling significantly reduced peak knee extension and adduction moments compared to natural and soft landings.
Soft landings showed some benefit, but less pronounced than falling, particularly in single-leg scenarios.

Conclusions:

Controlled falling is a viable strategy to decrease knee loading during landings, especially when single-leg stance with suboptimal posture is unavoidable.
Falling demonstrates superior knee unloading compared to natural or soft landings.
Further research is needed to develop safe and effective falling techniques for athletes.