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Deception is a pervasive aspect of human communication. Empirical studies have shown that most individuals engage in some form of deceit on a daily basis, with approximately 20% of social exchanges involving deceptive elements. Lying follows a developmental trajectory, peaking during adolescence and declining with age, possibly due to the maturation of cognitive control and social accountability.Cognitive and Social Factors in Deception DetectionDespite its prevalence, accurately detecting...
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Updated: Dec 11, 2025

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Neural alignment during face-to-face spontaneous deception: Does gender make a difference?

Mei Chen1, Tingyu Zhang1, Ruqian Zhang1

  • 1School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Shanghai Changning-ECNU Mental Health Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.

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|August 19, 2020
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Summary

Gender influences brain activity during deception. Female dyads showed increased prefrontal cortex synchronization, while males showed increased right temporal parietal junction synchronization, impacting deception success.

Keywords:
deceptioneye contactgender differenceinterpersonal neural synchronization

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Deception is a complex social behavior with potential gender differences.
  • Understanding the neural underpinnings of deception in real-time social interactions is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gender differences in the neural basis of spontaneous face-to-face deception.
  • To explore interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) patterns in male and female dyads during a deception task.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-based hyperscanning to simultaneously record neural activity in male and female dyads during a deception task.
  • Analyzed interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and right temporal parietal junction (rTPJ).
  • Employed Granger causality analysis to assess directionality of neural influence within dyads.

Main Results:

  • No significant gender differences in deception rate, success rate, or eye contact during deception.
  • Enhanced INS in the PFC was observed in female dyads, while enhanced INS in the rTPJ was observed in male dyads.
  • INS in both PFC and rTPJ correlated with deception success, with PFC INS mediating eye contact's effect in females.

Conclusions:

  • Differential patterns of interpersonal neural synchronization are recruited during face-to-face deception, varying by gender.
  • This study provides the first interbrain evidence for gender differences in successful deception.
  • Findings deepen the understanding of spontaneous deception dynamics in dyads.