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Pediatric Ocular Toxocariasis in Costa Rica: 1998-2018 Experience
Joaquin Martinez1,2, Gabriela Ivankovich-Escoto2,3,4, Lihteh Wu5,6
1Caja Costarricense De Seguro Social, Servicio De Oftalmología, Hospital Nacional De Niños, San José, Costa Rica.
Purpose:
To report the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes of patients with ocular toxocariasis.
Methods:
Retrospective review of patients diagnosed with ocular toxocariasis at a pediatric referral center from 1998 until 2018 in Costa Rica.
Results:
157 patients were diagnosed with ocular toxocariasis with a mean follow-up of 3.1 years. The mean age at presentation was 6.7 years old. The most common causes of consultation included decreased vision (29.9%), strabismus (26.7%), and leukocoria (19.7%). The most common findings included peripheral granuloma, posterior pole granuloma, and chronic endophthalmitis. Sixty-nine (43.9%) eyes had retinal detachment. Patients were managed with a variety of treatments including pars plana vitrectomy, systemic corticosteroids, anti-helminthic drugs or a combination of these. Most eyes did not exhibit functional improvement despite treatment.
Conclusions:
Most patients with pediatric ocular toxocariasis in Costa Rica often present late and despite treatment, most remain with poor vision in the affected eye.
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