The tumor microenvironment
Nicole M Anderson1, M Celeste Simon1
1Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Current Biology : CB
|August 19, 2020
Summary
The tumor microenvironment, a complex mix of cells and factors, actively promotes cancer progression. Understanding this evolving ecosystem reveals new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cancer Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Tumors are complex ecosystems, not just cancer cells.
- The tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises host cells, factors, and matrix.
- TME composition varies but includes immune cells, stromal cells, vasculature, and extracellular matrix.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the TME as an active promoter of cancer progression.
- To describe the dynamic and reciprocal relationship between cancer cells and the TME.
- To identify the TME as a source of novel therapeutic targets.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of current research on the tumor microenvironment.
- Analysis of the molecular, cellular, and physical changes induced by tumors in host tissues.
- Examination of the role of the TME in supporting tumor survival, invasion, and metastasis.
Main Results:
- The TME actively drives tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis.
- The TME facilitates angiogenesis to support tumor needs.
- Tumors are infiltrated by immune cells with dual pro- and anti-tumorigenic functions.
Conclusions:
- The tumor microenvironment is a critical, active component of cancer progression.
- The dynamic interplay within the TME influences cancer cell survival and dissemination.
- The TME presents promising targets for developing new cancer therapies.
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