Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 11, 2025
Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
Published on: January 29, 2018
Lifestyle and Environmental Factors Affecting Bone Mass in Japanese Female Adolescents
Tomoko Okayama1, Kaori Kinouchi1, Hiroko Watanabe1
1Department of Children and Women's Health, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
Purpose:
A higher peak bone mass (PBM) in adolescence lowers the risk of osteoporosis later in life. This study examined the factors affecting bone mass in female adolescents in relation to lifestyle and environmental factors to promote bone mass development before reaching PBM.
Design And Methods:
The subjects were female students aged 15-16 years and their mothers at a public high school in Osaka, Japan. Bone mass was measured using quantitative ultrasound parameters. The body composition was measured using a multi-frequency segmental body composition analyzer. Nutrient intake, exercise habits, and maternal factors as environmental factors were examined using a questionnaire.
Results:
Logistic regression analyses revealed that the adolescents' lean mass was significantly related to the BUA (p < .05). The adjusted odds ratio was 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.54). In contrast, the adolescents' exercise habit was significantly related to the SOS (p < .05). The SOS was significantly higher in the adolescents who exercised >4 times a week than in those who exercised <2-3 times a week. The adjusted odds ratio was 2.83 (95% CI: 1.06-7.56). The adolescents' nutrient intake and maternal factors were not significant factors affecting the adolescents' bone mass.
Conclusions:
The present study suggests that increasing lean mass and exercising more than four times a week were important for increasing bone mass in female adolescents.
Practice Implications:
Nurses should intervene to help female adolescents acquire healthy lifestyle skills and maintain proper body composition and exercise habits to promote bone mass development before reaching PBM.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Bone Disorders
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
01:17Hormones and Bone Tissue
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
01:25Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
01:31Essential Minerals for Bone Health
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
01:20Lifestyle Factors and Health
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...
01:40Bone Remodeling