A systematic review of behavioral interventions for rural breast cancer survivors

Rural breast cancer survivors (RBCS) are at greater risk for poorer health outcomes and face greater treatment barriers compared to their urban counterparts, necessitating behavioral interventions tailored for the unique needs of RBCS. A systematic review of studies examining behavioral interventions delivered to RBCS living in the United States from 2000 to 2020 was conducted following PRIMSA guidelines. Nineteen unique studies were included: eight randomized controlled trials, two matched-control studies, six pre-post intervention feasibility studies, and three post-intervention satisfaction studies. Thirteen interventions aimed to improve psychosocial support, three to improve weight management, and three to improve education. Results indicate interventions' feasibility and acceptability. Six out of eight intervention conditions reported favorable outcomes compared to control conditions, suggesting promise for efficacy. However, variability in intervention objective, duration, delivery, and follow-up timing, and small sample sizes prevent overarching conclusions. Research involving larger sample sizes, higher quality control groups, and longer follow-up data is needed.