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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

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Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
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Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

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Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
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Preclinical Development: Overview01:28

Preclinical Development: Overview

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Preclinical development consists of a series of tests that ensure the safety and efficacy of a new therapeutic compound before it is tested in humans. There are four main phases to this process. First, safety pharmacology tests are conducted to ensure the drug does not produce any acutely harmful effects. These tests examine parameters such as bronchoconstriction, cardiac dysrhythmias, blood pressure changes, and ataxia. Next, preliminary toxicological testing is performed to determine the...
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Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients01:15

Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients

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Bioavailability studies are essential for evaluating a drug's therapeutic efficacy and understanding its absorption patterns under various physiological conditions. Conducting such studies on target patient populations provides more relevant data by simulating real-world disease states. However, practical challenges often necessitate the use of young, healthy adult volunteers as study subjects.Patients may exhibit altered drug absorption patterns due to the effects of the disease itself,...
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Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

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Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
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Study Designs in Epidemiology01:20

Study Designs in Epidemiology

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Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
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Updated: Dec 11, 2025

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
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NODDI in clinical research.

Kouhei Kamiya1, Masaaki Hori2, Shigeki Aoki3

  • 1Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan.

Journal of Neuroscience Methods
|August 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diffusion MRI (dMRI) offers advanced insights into nervous tissue microstructure. Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) shows clinical potential, but challenges in microstructure modeling require further research.

Keywords:
BiomarkerDiffusion MRIMicrostructureModelingNeurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Biophysics
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Diffusion MRI (dMRI) is crucial for understanding nervous system diseases.
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is the traditional analysis tool for dMRI data.
  • Advanced dMRI acquisition enables more detailed tissue microstructure characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical applications of Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI).
  • To discuss the potential and challenges of implementing dMRI microstructure imaging in clinical practice.
  • To highlight the collaborative, multidisciplinary nature of dMRI microstructure modeling.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on NODDI applications in clinical research.
  • Discussion of biophysically inspired modeling for dMRI signal interpretation.
  • Analysis of the increasing number of reports on NODDI's clinical utility.

Main Results:

  • NODDI shows rapidly increasing potential for clinical utility in various research areas.
  • Recognition of NODDI's limitations and general challenges in microstructure modeling is growing.
  • dMRI microstructure modeling is a promising, evolving field.

Conclusions:

  • NODDI represents a significant advancement in dMRI analysis beyond DTI.
  • Further research and collaboration are needed to overcome challenges and implement dMRI microstructure imaging clinically.
  • dMRI microstructure modeling holds great promise for improving healthcare through interdisciplinary collaboration.