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Acute Cardiorenal Syndrome: Models and Heart-Kidney Connectors

Yoshio Funahashi1, Sheuli Chowdhury2, Mahaba B Eiwaz2

  • 1Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA, funahash@ohsu.edu.

Nephron
|August 20, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Cardiorenal syndrome type 1 (CRS-1), a form of acute kidney injury (AKI) from heart issues, lacks clear mechanisms and treatments. This review explores models and non-flow mediators to advance CRS-1 research.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Cardiorenal syndrome type 1 (CRS-1) involves acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to acute cardiac dysfunction.
  • AKI affects over 20% of acute heart failure patients, predicting poor prognosis.
  • Current understanding of heart-kidney interaction mechanisms in CRS-1 is limited by research barriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address challenges in investigating CRS-1.
  • To review existing animal and cell-culture models for CRS-1 research.
  • To explore non-flow and endocrine mediators of heart-kidney interaction in CRS-1.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on CRS-1 models and mechanisms.
  • Focus on insights from available animal models.
  • Analysis of non-flow and endocrine mediators, including heart-derived messengers.

Main Results:

  • Significant barriers hinder CRS-1 investigation, including lack of models and biomarkers.
  • Mechanisms of heart-kidney interaction remain unclear.
  • Non-flow and endocrine mediators are potential targets for CRS-1 therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Further development of animal and cell-culture models is crucial for CRS-1 research.
  • Understanding non-flow and endocrine mediators may reveal targetable pathways.
  • Effective therapies for CRS-1 are currently lacking and require further investigation.
Keywords:
Acute kidney injuryCardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitationCardiorenal syndromeCysteine-glycine-rich protein-3

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