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Related Concept Videos

Intellectual Disability01:29

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Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Traumatic Brain Injury Incidence in Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.

Katherine Seto1, Meghann Lloyd1, Vincy Chan2

  • 1University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oshawa, ON, Canada.

The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Le Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques
|August 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in Ontario have a nearly double risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI) compared to the general population. This highlights the urgent need for targeted TBI prevention strategies for this vulnerable group.

Keywords:
Developmental disabilitiesEpidemiologyIncidenceIntellectual disabilitiesTraumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Neurology
  • Disability Studies

Background:

  • Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) face a higher risk of injury, with falls being a leading cause of traumatic brain injury (TBI).
  • Falls contribute significantly to injuries in both the IDD population and the general population.
  • Existing literature lacks quantitative data on TBI incidence among adults with IDD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively compare the risk of TBI over time between adults with and without IDD in Ontario.
  • To analyze TBI risk by demographic factors in adults with and without IDD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized administrative health databases to identify two cohorts: adults with IDD and a 10% random sample of adults without IDD.
  • Calculated annual crude and adjusted incidence of TBI for each cohort from April 1, 2002, to March 31, 2017.
  • Examined TBI incidence among unique individuals within each cohort over the 15-year study period.

Main Results:

  • The average annual adjusted incidence of TBI was approximately 2.8 per 1000 for adults with IDD, versus 1.53 per 1000 for those without IDD.
  • A higher proportion of TBI cases in both cohorts were younger (19-29 years) and male.
  • Over the 15-year study period, adults with IDD showed a significantly higher risk of TBI.

Conclusions:

  • Adults with IDD experience a substantially elevated risk of TBI compared to the general population.
  • The findings underscore the critical need for developing and implementing targeted TBI prevention programs for individuals with IDD.
  • Further research may explore specific risk factors and effective interventions for TBI prevention in this population.