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Postural control and perturbation response in aging populations: fall risk implications.

Luis Dominguez1

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|August 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Falls are a major cause of death in older adults. This review examines how aging affects balance and movement, and discusses interventions to reduce fall risks.

Keywords:
aging populationsfall riskperturbation responsepostural controlsensory reweighting

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Falls represent a significant and growing cause of mortality in the aging global population.
  • Effective fall risk mitigation requires understanding postural control and perturbation response.
  • Aging is associated with developmental changes impacting these systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on age-related changes affecting fall risk.
  • To explore potential interventions and training strategies for mitigating falls in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of developmental changes in aging populations.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to postural control (vestibular, visual, proprioceptive systems).
  • Examination of perturbation response mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Aging impacts the vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive systems, affecting postural control.
  • Changes in these systems increase susceptibility to falls.
  • Specific interventions and training can potentially mitigate fall risk.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding age-related declines in sensory and motor systems is crucial for fall prevention.
  • Targeted interventions focusing on postural control and response can reduce mortality from falls in the elderly.
  • Further research into effective training programs is warranted.