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Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Destabilization of the Medial Meniscus and Cartilage Scratch Murine Model of Accelerated Osteoarthritis

Destabilization of the Medial Meniscus and Cartilage Scratch Murine Model of Accelerated Osteoarthritis

Published on: July 6, 2022

Discoid meniscus: current concepts.

Manuel Saavedra¹, Matías Sepúlveda^1,2,3, María Jesús Tuca^4,5,6

¹Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.

EFORT Open Reviews

|August 21, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Discoid meniscus, a common congenital knee anomaly, often affects the lateral meniscus and can lead to complex tears. Treatment focuses on restoring normal anatomy through surgical repair and stabilization.

Keywords:

X-rays knee injuries knee joint magnetic resonance imaging menisci meniscus tibia

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Last Updated: Dec 11, 2025

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Published on: July 6, 2022

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Published on: July 8, 2021

Area of Science:

Orthopedics
Sports Medicine
Anatomy

Background:

Discoid meniscus is the most common congenital meniscus malformation, predominantly affecting the lateral meniscus and showing high prevalence in Asian populations.
Its unique anatomical, vascular, and ultrastructural characteristics predispose it to complex tears.

Purpose of the Study:

To define discoid meniscus anomalies based on shape and peripheral stability.
To outline diagnostic and treatment strategies for discoid meniscus.

Main Methods:

Initial workup involves plain X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Arthroscopic evaluation is used to confirm meniscal shape and stability.
Treatment options include saucerization, tear repair, and meniscus fixation.

Main Results:

Clinical presentation varies widely, influenced by meniscal shape, associated hypermobility, and concurrent tears.
Diagnosis is confirmed through imaging and arthroscopy.
Surgical interventions aim to correct the anomaly and repair associated tears.

Conclusions:

Discoid meniscus requires comprehensive evaluation considering shape and stability.
Treatment strategies are tailored to individual patient presentation and meniscal integrity.
Surgical management aims to restore normal knee function by addressing the discoid morphology and associated pathologies.