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COVID-19-Associated Cytotoxic Lesions of the Corpus Callosum

P Gaur1, L Dixon2, B Jones1

  • 1From the Departments of Imaging (P.G., L.D., B.J., W.J.).

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology
|August 22, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause rare central nervous system (CNS) damage in children. This study highlights two pediatric cases of cytotoxic lesions in the corpus callosum linked to COVID-19 infection.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Limited data exist on neurologic complications of COVID-19 in children.
  • Adult COVID-19 cases show potential for central nervous system (CNS) pathology.
  • Hyperinflammatory responses are implicated in COVID-19 neurological effects.

Observation:

  • Two pediatric cases of cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum are presented.
  • These lesions are presumed to be related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection.
  • The findings are similar to those observed in adult COVID-19 patients.

Findings:

  • Pediatric COVID-19 infection may rarely trigger a hyperinflammatory response.
  • This response can lead to significant CNS pathology, specifically affecting the corpus callosum.
  • Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum are a potential, albeit rare, manifestation in children.

Implications:

  • Radiologists should consider COVID-19 in the differential diagnosis for pediatric cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum.
  • Further research is needed to understand the full spectrum of COVID-19 neurological complications in children.
  • Early recognition of CNS involvement in pediatric COVID-19 is crucial for timely management.

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