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Virtual reality training compared with apprenticeship training in laparoscopic surgery: a meta-analysis.

M Portelli1, S F Bianco1, T Bezzina2

  • 1Department of Surgery, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta.

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Virtual reality (VR) training significantly enhances surgical skills for laparoscopic procedures, improving both efficiency and quality. This meta-analysis suggests VR can supplement or replace traditional apprenticeship methods in surgical education.

Keywords:
Apprenticeship trainingLaparoscopyPatient safetyRandomised controlled trialsVirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Minimally Invasive Surgery
  • Medical Education Technology

Background:

  • Laparoscopic surgery demands advanced skills beyond traditional open surgery.
  • Technological advancements necessitate new training paradigms outside the operating room.
  • Patient safety and reduced training time highlight the need for efficient skill acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare virtual reality (VR) training with traditional apprenticeship for laparoscopic surgery.
  • To determine if VR training can supplement or replace apprenticeship models.
  • To conduct a meta-analysis on the benefits of integrating VR into surgical training programs.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar.
  • Inclusion of 24 randomized controlled trials published up to January 2018.
  • Data extraction focused on dexterity, operative performance, and operating times.

Main Results:

  • Meta-analysis revealed significant improvements in individual trainee skills (p < 0.0002).
  • Key metrics analyzed included time, path length, instrument handling, tissue handling, error scores, and technical skill assessments.
  • All analyzed outcomes demonstrated statistically significant benefits from VR training.

Conclusions:

  • Virtual reality training demonstrably enhances surgical trainees' efficiency and skill quality.
  • VR leads to reduced error rates and improved tissue handling in laparoscopic procedures.
  • The findings support the regular integration of VR training into surgical education programs.