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Gated Resonance Energy Transfer (gRET) Controlled by Programmed Death Protein Ligand 1
Hubert Grel1, Katarzyna Ratajczak1,2, Slawomir Jakiela1
1Department of Physics and Biophysics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), 159 Nowoursynowska Street, 02776 Warsaw, Poland.
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 23, 2020
Summary
Researchers explored resonance energy transfer (RET) between fluorescent probes and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). They found programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein modulates this energy transfer, enabling sensitive detection for cancer therapy applications.
Area of Science:
- Biophysics
- Nanotechnology
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Resonance energy transfer (RET) is crucial for understanding molecular interactions.
- Plasmonic nanoparticles (AuNPs) offer unique optical properties for sensing applications.
- Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a key target in cancer immunotherapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of protein molecules on RET efficiency between fluorescent probes and AuNPs.
- To develop a novel method for sensitive detection of PD-L1 protein.
- To explore the potential of a gated-RET system for pharmaceutical analysis in cancer therapy.
Main Methods:
- Utilized resonance energy transfer (RET) between a fluorescent probe and a gold nanoparticle (AuNP).
- Investigated the modulation of RET by programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein adsorption on AuNPs.
- Developed a gated-RET model based on protein size estimation and Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
Main Results:
- PD-L1 protein forms a sub-monolayer film on AuNPs, modulating RET efficiency.
- A high equilibrium constant (K_L = 1.27 × 10^8 M^-1) indicates strong PD-L1 binding.
- The gated-RET technique allows sensitive PD-L1 determination in the range of 1.2–50 nM.
- Strong supramolecular interactions observed with Gibbs free energy of -46.26 kJ/mol.
Conclusions:
- The gated-RET system provides a sensitive and specific method for PD-L1 detection.
- This technique can be applied to analyze PD-L1 in pharmaceutical formulations for cancer immunotherapy.
- The developed model offers a versatile approach for studying other protein-nanoparticle interactions.
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