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Bulk-Surface Modification of Nanoparticles for Developing Highly-Crosslinked Polymer Nanocomposites.

Maryam Jouyandeh1, Mohammad Reza Ganjali1,2, Mustafa Aghazadeh1

  • 1Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 11155-4563, Iran.

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|August 23, 2020
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Summary

This study developed epoxy nanocomposites using surface-bulk functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Cobalt-doped MNPs significantly improved epoxy crosslinking, demonstrating the benefit of bulk nanoparticle modification for enhanced polymer composites.

Keywords:
Cure IndexCure kineticsbulk modificationepoxy nanocompositessurface modification

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Surface modification of nanoparticles is common for thermoset composites, but bulk modification remains underexplored.
  • Developing advanced polymer nanocomposites requires understanding nanoparticle interactions within the polymer matrix.
  • Functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) offer unique properties for material enhancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly-crosslinked epoxy nanocomposite using surface-bulk functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs).
  • To investigate the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-functionalized MNPs and cobalt-doped PEG-MNPs on epoxy curing.
  • To analyze the crosslinking behavior and kinetics of epoxy nanocomposites with modified MNPs.

Main Methods:

  • Electrochemical synthesis of MNPs, followed by PEG surface functionalization to create PEG-MNPs and Co-PEG-MNPs.
  • Characterization of MNPs using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, FTIR, TGA, XRD, and VSM.
  • Analysis of epoxy nanocomposite curing using non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and isoconversional methods.

Main Results:

  • Incorporation of 0.1 wt.% Co-PEG-MNPs resulted in 'Excellent' cure for epoxy nanocomposites across all heating rates.
  • Bulk modification of nanoparticles was shown to assist the crosslinking of the model epoxy nanocomposites.
  • Epoxy/Co-PEG-MNPs nanocomposites exhibited higher activation energy compared to neat epoxy, indicating enhanced crosslinking.

Conclusions:

  • Surface-bulk functionalized nanoparticles, particularly cobalt-doped ones, significantly enhance the crosslinking of epoxy resins.
  • Bulk modification of nanoparticles is a viable strategy to improve thermoset polymer composite properties.
  • The kinetic model developed accurately describes the cure reaction rate in the investigated nanocomposites.