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Asbestos-Based Pottery from Corsica: The First Fiber-Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composite
Philippe Colomban1, Aleksandar Kremenović2
1MONARIS (From the Molecule to the Nano-object: Reactivity, Interaction & Spectroscopies), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.
Abstract:
Asbestos-containing pottery shards collected in the northeast of Corsica (Cap Corse) and dating from the 19th century, or earlier, have been analyzed by SEM-EDS, XRPD, FTIR and Raman microspectroscopy. Blue (crocidolite) and white (chrysotile) asbestos fiber bundles are observed in cross-sections. Most of the asbestos is partly or totally dehydroxylated, and some transformation to forsterite is observed to occur, indicative of a firing above 800 °C. Examination of freshly fractured pieces shows a nonbrittle fracture with fiber pull-out, consistent with a composite material behavior, which makes these ceramics the oldest fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composite. Residues indicate the use of this pottery as a crucible for gold extraction using cyanide.
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