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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Adapting Gastrointestinal Organoids for Pathogen Infection and Single Cell Sequencing under Biosafety Level 3 BSL-3 Conditions
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Enteric Viral Co-Infections: Pathogenesis and Perspective.

Heyde Makimaa1, Harshad Ingle1, Megan T Baldridge1

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Viruses
|August 23, 2020
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Summary

Enteric viral co-infections, involving multiple viruses in the gut, are common but their health impacts remain unclear. Further research is crucial to understand these complex infections and their effect on vaccine responses.

Keywords:
co-infectionco-infection modelsenteric virusviral pathogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Enteric viral co-infections involve multiple viruses like rotavirus, norovirus, and adenovirus.
  • These viruses cause acute gastroenteritis and diarrheal disease globally in all age groups.
  • Increasing detection of intestinal virus-virus co-infections contrasts with limited knowledge of their health impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical prevalence of enteric viral co-infections.
  • To explore how co-infections may influence immune responses and vaccine efficacy.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical prevalence data.
  • Analysis of existing studies on virus-virus interactions in the gut.
  • Discussion of in vivo and in vitro models for co-infection research.

Main Results:

  • Enteric viral co-infections are frequently detected but their clinical significance is poorly understood.
  • The impact of co-infections on disease severity and vaccine responses requires further investigation.
  • Experimental models show promise for studying co-infection mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding enteric viral co-infections is critical for public health.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate co-infection mechanisms and their clinical implications.
  • Investigating co-infections is essential for improving disease management and vaccine development.