Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Regulation01:25

Drug Regulation

2.6K
Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...
2.6K
Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics01:23

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics

750
Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla.  Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by...
750
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

768
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
768
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

131
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
131
Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview01:21

Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview

2.7K
When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
2.7K
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors01:29

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors

107
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is the clinical practice of measuring specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to manage and optimize therapy. TDM is crucial for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, like warfarin and phenytoin, where incorrect doses can lead to treatment failure or severe side effects. This monitoring ensures the dosage administered is within a safe and effective range. The factors affecting therapeutic drug monitoring include:Patient-Specific Factors:a.
107

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Exercise-associated microbial metabolites prevent skeletal muscle atrophy in adult female mice.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Implementation of Dyadic Care to Support Clinical, Administrative, and Service Wraparound Needs for the Opioid-Exposed Mother and Infant.

Journal of addiction medicine·2026
Same author

microRNA-1: A Master Regulator of Metabolism Governing Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy.

Exercise and sport sciences reviews·2026
Same author

A Systematic Review of International Guidelines for Addressing Alcohol Use Disorder in Pregnancy.

Alcohol, clinical & experimental research·2026
Same author

Utility of Methadone:Metabolite Ratio as Marker of Methadone Metabolism During Methadone Initiation in Pregnancy.

Journal of addiction medicine·2026
Same author

A Narrative Review of the Metabolic Assessment of Patients on Methadone: An Alternative to Pharmacokinetically Blind Prescribing.

Journal of addiction medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model
08:08

Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model

Published on: June 18, 2013

17.7K

Changing Outdated Methadone Regulations That Harm Pregnant Patients.

John J McCarthy1, Hendree E Jones, Mishka Terplan

  • 1University of California, Davis, CA (JJMcC); University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (HEJ); Friends Research Institute, Baltimore, MD (MT); Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA (VPR); JBS International, MD (MCvK).

Journal of Addiction Medicine
|August 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Current methadone regulations, unchanged since 1974, fail to meet the needs of opioid use disorder (OUD) patients, especially pregnant women. Modernizing these rules is crucial for effective, accessible, and safe medication-assisted treatment.

More Related Videos

Preclinical Model of Prenatal Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure to Assess Its Impact on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
05:13

Preclinical Model of Prenatal Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure to Assess Its Impact on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes

Published on: February 28, 2025

511
Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

87.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model
08:08

Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model

Published on: June 18, 2013

17.7K
Preclinical Model of Prenatal Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure to Assess Its Impact on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
05:13

Preclinical Model of Prenatal Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure to Assess Its Impact on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes

Published on: February 28, 2025

511
Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

87.2K

Area of Science:

  • Addiction Medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health Policy

Background:

  • Methadone regulations, established in 1974, reflect outdated views of opioid use disorder (OUD) as a criminal issue rather than a medical condition.
  • Current regulations impose strict clinic attendance and take-home medication rules, hindering access and treatment adherence for many patients.
  • These rigid rules do not align with scientific advancements in addiction treatment and medication management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical need for updating methadone regulations to reflect current scientific understanding of OUD.
  • To address the specific challenges faced by pregnant women with OUD due to inflexible dosing requirements.
  • To advocate for regulatory changes that improve access, flexibility, and safety in methadone treatment, particularly in light of public health crises like COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing methadone regulations and their historical context.
  • Review of scientific literature on OUD, medication-assisted treatment, and the physiological needs of pregnant patients.
  • Examination of the impact of current regulations on patient access, treatment outcomes, and public health.

Main Results:

  • Outdated regulations create barriers to care, leading to suboptimal treatment outcomes and increased morbidity/mortality.
  • Pregnant women experience adverse effects, including maternal/fetal withdrawal, due to inability to adjust methadone doses for ultra-rapid metabolism.
  • Geographic disparities in clinic access (urban vs. rural) exacerbate treatment gaps, and crowded clinics pose contagion risks.

Conclusions:

  • Methadone regulations require urgent revision to align with scientific evidence and modern addiction treatment paradigms.
  • Policy changes prioritizing local, flexible, and small-scale treatment models are essential for patient safety and effective OUD management.
  • Initiating regulatory reform by addressing the needs of pregnant women can serve as a catalyst for broader improvements in methadone treatment systems.