PON1 status and homocysteine levels as potential biomarkers for cardiovascular disease

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N Ponce-Ruiz1, F E Murillo-González1, A E Rojas-García2

  • 1Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Nayarit, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico.

Experimental Gerontology
|August 23, 2020
PubMed

Insights

High homocysteine (Hcys) levels increase cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, while paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and concentration decrease it. Vitamin B intake may modify these associations, suggesting potential biomarkers for CVD.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cardiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality globally.
  • Key risk factors include diabetes, hypertension, and elevated homocysteine (Hcys) levels.
  • Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is investigated for its antiatherogenic properties, including hydrolysis of oxidized low-density lipoproteins and Hcys-thiolactone.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between homocysteine (Hcys) levels, paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and concentration, and dietary vitamin B intake with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
  • To explore PON1's enzymatic activities (Arylesterase, Lactonase, CMPA) in relation to CVD.
  • To determine if vitamin B intake modifies the relationship between Hcys, PON1, and CVD.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving patients with CVD, arterial hypertension (AH), and healthy controls.
  • Evaluation of lipid profiles, vitamin B intake, Hcys, serum amyloid A (SAA), PON1 concentration, and PON1 activities (ARE, LAC, CMPA).

Main Results:

  • The CVD group exhibited significantly higher Hcys and SAA levels compared to AH and control groups.
  • Arylesterase (ARE), Lactonase (LAC), and CMPA activities, along with PON1 concentration, were significantly lower in the CVD group.
  • A strong independent association was found between elevated Hcys levels and CVD risk (OR=14.41 after adjustments).
  • LAC and CMPA activities, and PON1 concentration showed an inverse association with CVD risk.

Conclusions:

  • Lactonase (LAC) activity, PON1 concentration, and Hcys levels show potential as biomarkers for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Dietary vitamin B intake may influence the association between these biomarkers and CVD risk.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseasesHomocysteinePON1 activityPON1 concentrationParaoxonase 1

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