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Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Development of Stem Cell-derived Antigen-specific Regulatory T Cells Against Autoimmunity
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New Treg cell-based therapies of autoimmune diseases: towards antigen-specific immune suppression

Norihisa Mikami1, Ryoji Kawakami1, Shimon Sakaguchi1

  • 1Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.

Current Opinion in Immunology
|August 23, 2020
PubMed

Naturally occurring FoxP3+CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cells indispensable for the maintenance of immunological self-tolerance and homeostasis are instrumental in treating autoimmune and other immunological disorders. Stable function of natural Treg cells requires not only the expression of Foxp3 and other Treg signature genes such as CD25 and CTLA-4 but also the generation of Treg-specific epigenetic changes, especially Treg-specific DNA hypomethylation, at these gene loci. Recent studies have shown that the Treg-specific transcriptional and epigenetic changes can be induced in antigen-specific conventional T cells in vivo and in vitro, converting them to functionally stable Treg cells. Such natural or induced Treg cells bear the potential to achieve stable antigen-specific immune suppression and reestablish immunological self-tolerance in treating and preventing autoimmune diseases.

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